Process for the entrapment and recovery of so2 gas

ABSTRACT

WASTE STACK GASES OR OTHER GASES CONTAINING SULFUR DIOXIDE GAS ARE PASSED INTO A SYSTEM INITIALLY CONTAINING 90 TO 95% OF FINELY DIVIDED METALLIC OXIDES AND METALLIC SILICATES, INTIMATELY ADMIXED WITH AN ADDITIVE COMPRISING NOT LESS THAN 3% OR MORE THAN 5% WATER, NOT LESS THAN 2% OR MORE THAN 5% DISSOLVED ALKALI HYDROXIDE SUCH AS SODIUM HYDROXIDE OR SODIUM METASILICATE AND BETWEEN 01% TO 0.1% STANNUOUS CHLORIDE OR STANNOUS HYDRIDE ALL OF THE ABOVE NOTED PERCENTAGES BEING BASED ON PARTS BY WEIGHT OF EACH NOTED INGREDIENT PRESENT IN EVERY 100 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF THE SLAG CONTAINING SYSTEM. THE SYSTEM IS STRONGLY AGITATED DURING THE TIME THE WASTE STACK GAS IS BEING PASSED THERETHROUGH. THE SULFUR DIOXIDE CONSTITUENT OF THE STACK GAS IS ENTRAPPED IN THE SLAG SYSTEM AND CAN BE LIBERATED THEREFROM IN ESSENTIALLY PURE FORM BY SUBSEQUENT HEAT TREATMENT OF THE ENTRAPMENT SYSTEM. THE SYSTEM CAN THEREUPON BE RESUED REPEATEDLY FOR ENTRAPMENT OF FURTHER SO2 GAS BECAUSE IT IS ESSENTIALLY REGERATABLE DUE TO THE ADDITION OF THE ADDITIVES NOTED ABOVE WHICH PREVENT UNDUE OXIDATION OF THE COMPONENTS OF THE SYSTEM.

United States Patent Office 3,809,745 PROCESS FOR THE ENTRAPMENT AND RECOVERY OF S GAS Harold W. Wilson, El Paso, Tex., assignor to Golden Cycle Corporation, Colorado Springs, C010,

No Drawing. Continuation of application Ser. No.

885,612, Dec. 16, 1969, which is a continuation-inpart of application Ser. No. 777,503, Nov. 20, 1968. This application Mar. 10, 1972, Ser. No. 233 785 nu. c1. B01j 9/04, 9/08, 9/12; C01b 17/00 US. Cl. 423-244 9 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Waste stack gases or other gases containing sulfur dioxide gas are passed into a system initially containing 90 to 95% of finely divided metallic oxides and metallic siligates, intimately admixed with an additive comprising not less than 3% or more than 5% water, not less than 2% or more than 5% dissolved alkali hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or sodium metasilicate and between .01% to 0.1% stannous chloride or stannous hydroxide, all of the above noted percentages being based on parts by weight of each noted ingredient present in every 100 parts by weight of the slag containing system. The system is strongly agitated during the timethe waste stack gas is beingpassed therethrough. The sulfur dioxide constituent of the stack gas is entrapped in the slag system and can be liberated therefrom in essentially pure form by subsequent heat treatment of the entrapment system. The system can thereupon be reused repeatedly for entrapment of further S0 gas because it is essentially regeneratable due to the addition of the additives noted above which prevent undueoxidation of the components of the system.

This is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 885,612, filed Dec. 16, 1969, which application was a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 777,503, filed Nov. 20, 1968, now abandoned.

Thepresent invention relates to the utilization of sulfur dioxide and acidic sulfur dioxide containing gases, for instance such as emitted as waste and air pollutants, commonly referred to as Waste stack gases, for example as during the processing of sulfide ores and in the burning of sulfur containing coals. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for the entrapment of sulfur dioxide gas in waste stack gases by the utilization of a combination of mixed metallic oxides and metallic silicates. More specifically, the present invention relates to a dry process for the separation or recovery of sulfur dioxide from sulfur dioxide and acidic sulfur dioxide containing waste stack gases and whereby the sulfur dioxide recovered may be utilized as such, converted into elemental sulfur or converted into sulfuric acid. Such a dry process for use in the entrapment of sulfur dioxide contained by waste gases such as those emitted in the burning of sulfur containing fuel and from the smelting of pyritic type ores was disclosed in application Ser. No. 777,503, filed Nov. 20, 1968, now abandoned. In this previously disclosed process it was proposed that these or similar type waste gases or any gaseous matter containing sulfur dioxide be passed into finely divided solid matter consisting of a combination of metallic oxide and metallic silicates which additionally was made to contain physically combined water in an amount ranging between 2 to 7% by weight of the mixture to be processed.

As a preferred embodiment of that process it was proposed to use pulverized slag obtained as a waste from the reverberatory refining of copper pyritic ores as being highly suitable as the oxide metallic silicatecontaining 3,809,745 Patented May 7, 1974 material for the use in the entrapment of sulfur dioxide gases from gases containing such. Such waste slags are identified by the following typical analysis:

32%38% silicon dioxide, present as mixed silicates of iron, calcium, magnesium, and aluminum 28%-32 iron, present predominantly as ferrous oxide and ferrous silicates 8%10% calcium oxide, present as silicate 6%8% aluminum oxide, present as silicate .l%.5% copper, present as metal and oxide 0-.5% lead, present as metal 0-1% sulfur, present in sulfide form.

It was further proposed that after the slag-water combination had been exposed to gases containing sulfur dioxide the resultant solid product could be freed of its content of sulfur dioxide by being subjected to heat treatment to result in the recovery of such sulfur dioxide as well as in the recovery of a reusable solid residue for recycling in the same process.

This invention constitutes an improvement over the advance of the state of the art disclosed in the above-mentioned disclosure of a dry process for the entrapment and recovery of sulfur dioxide gas.

Amongst the objects of this invention are the following:

The stabilization of the condition of the sulfite ions present as a result of the reaction of sulfur dioxide and water in the slag system being processed.

The suppression of hydrogen ion concentration.

The promotion of the formation of acid sulfite ions (HSO The promotion of the reaction of said acid sulfite ions with metallic oxides particularly ferrous oxide (FeO).

The acceleration of the rate of reactions of the said acid sulfite ions with metallic oxides particularly ferrous oxide.

The acceleration of the rate of the reaction producing metallic acid sulfite particularly the ferrous acid sulfite Fe (HSO3)2.

The release of the water originally reacted with sulfur dioxide so that it may further react with sulfur dioxide entering the system.

The temporary retardation of the acid hydrolysis of the silicates of iron and aluminum thus minimizing base consuming metasilicic acid formation which is the product of acid hydrolysis of the acid reactable metallic silicates present in the slag in addition to the oxidic components.

The prevention or minimization of sulfite sulfur oxidation to sulfate through the agency of any of the atmospheric oxygen which may be present in the system thus enabling more complete stripping of the sulfur context.

The inhibition of the oxidation of the ferrous ion in the slag to form ferric iron thus enhancing the degree of reusability of the processed slag.

Further objects and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following more detailed deor sodium orthosilicate (Na SiO the same solution additionally containing dissolved stannite ions (SnO such that the pulverized slag prior to being exposed to S0 gas or to mixtures of gases containing S0 is made to contain not less than three percent or more than five percent water, not less than two percent nor more than five percent dissolved alkali hydroxide such'as sodium hydroxide and the 'balance water suificient in amount toresult in a solution of 100 parts by weight. The passage of sulfur dioxide containing gas into the system initiates a; number of complex reactions. It appears that the presence; of alkali ions such as Na+ and K+ peptizes the slag system and permits some base exchange reactions to take place between such alkali ions and the aluminum calcium and magnesium ions of the silicates of .these metals present in the slag. Such base exchange appears to facilitate hy-, drolysis and reactions with sulfurous acid. Afterthe initial metallic oxide-acid sulfite ((FeO-HSO reactions are well underway and acid hydrolysis reactions aretaking place, hydrated sodium orthosilicate (Na -SiO x I-I O) is produced instead ofthe rapid formation of large quantities of metasilicic acid-(H SiO (as occurs in the absence of alkali hydroxide) where such metasilicic acid. formation causes subsequent formation of undesirable sulfite ions (SO The beneficial results of this process are due to the presence of the noted amounts of alkali hydroxide or sodium metasilicate, which participate in the reactions as illustrated in the following equations below:

1. CaSiO +4NaOH- Na SiO +Ca (OH +H O Additionally the presence of the alkali hydroxide'-- or alkali silicate in slag systems exposed to sulfur; dioxide gas in the presence of limited amounts of1water inhibits formation of sulfite ion as the result of the initial reaction of such hydroxide with the primary ionization products of the sulfurous acid formed from the combinationof'the sulfur dioxide with the water of the system as shown in The strongly acidic sodium acid sulfite and water produced in turn react with metallic oxides as shown below with ferrous oxide:

hydroxide itself converted into sodium sulfite as shown During this time some of the acid reactable silicates, predominantly the iron and aluminum silicates present in the slag, are undergoingacid hydrolysis to form both acidic and basic sulfite salts as illustrated below in Equations 10 1o. FeSiO -i-2H SO Fe(HS0 +H SiO The ferrous acid sulfite Fe (HSO is converted into ferrous sulfite FeSO as shown in Equation 12 while the basic aluminum sulfite remains as such The'sulfite salts of iron, calcium, and magnesium (being capable of hydration) are also able to form the so-called acid sulfite-salts (cg; FeSO -H SO which contain absorbed S0 as'illustrated in Equation 13..

Such salts wherein the hydrogen of the acid has been replaced by alkali metals such as sodium are also readily formed in this process from the heavy metal sulfites produced by double decomposition of heavy metal hydrated oxides (e.g, FeO-H O) with alkali sulfite to form the socalled double sulfito salts as shown in Equation 14.

' The presence of *alkali'hydroxide and alkali silicates in this system yields results which exceed in importance even the enhancement of reaction rates and formation of metallic sulfite salts which are unexpectedly obtained .by the inclusion of these additives intothe slag system. A further unexpected advantage of the use of the above described additives is what appears to be synergistic oxidation-inhibiting effect brought about by the combined presence of alkali hydroxide and alkali stannite on the slag-water-SO systems in suppressing the degree of oxidation of both the sulfite sulfur and. .the ferrous iron present. Some atmospheric oxygenwill be entrained in the virgin slag (as a consequence of its pulverization in the presence of atmospherieair). Additionalatmosphericoxygen will be pres- The ferrous acid sulfite is'formed as a transitory product at the operational temperatures of the system (stack gas systems range in temperatures between 225"F."to'-275" F.) and becomes converted into ferrous sulfite as-showr'i inthe equation below: I

The sodium (alkali) hydroxide formed (Equation o abet/e in turn reacts with the water and sulfur dioxide as derives in the conversion of the ferrous acid sulfite (Equation 7 entinthe.wastegasescontaining the sulfur dioxide. Similarly,,oxygen or oxygenated matter such as sulfuric acid may or. may notbe present in the waste gases used, and water vapororsteam' capable of promoting oxidation are certain tobe present; It is proposed to introduced aqueous alkali hydroxide or aqueous hydrated alkali silicate solutions eontaininglstannite ion into the slag prior to initially exposing the said slag to,SO' gas or gases containing S0 The result is that the formation of either sulfate sulfur or ferric iron can be heldto. a. minimum and in some cases mayb completely prevented.

)Itis ri'own'that stannous chloride is a very strong reducing'agent It has unexpectedly been observed that when it is presentinrvery minute amounts it also acts as a negatiye catalyst and, additionally appears to poison positive catalysts ,in' systems containing sulfite sulfur thus preventing such sulfite sulfur from being oxidized to sulfate form by atmospheric oxygen; However, experimental studies in connection withthis invention indicate that unless the hy drogen' ion. concentration of slag systems exposed to treatment is kept toa minimum as is achieved by the use of alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate as proposed in this improved process that When SO gases containing even trace amounts" of'sulfate sulfur (e.g., H 80 and a content of as little as 2 atmospheric oxygen are injected into water wettedslags (3%5% by weight of slags), the presence of stannous chloride in amounts as large as 5% by weight is insufiicient to prevent a considerable degree of oxidation of both ferrous iron and sulfite sulfur. In contrast, additional experimental studies were conducted identical in every respect to the above noted studies except that the slag before exposure to the same type of S gas, system, was firstmixed with the, additive system of the present invention, including al-kali hydroxide amounting to 5% NaOH by weight "of the slags used and stannous chloride (SnCl amountingtoapproxim ately 0.1% by weight of slag-water-NaOH system. The resultant products afterSO gassing showed the presence of only trace amounts of ferric iron and sulfur contents well below 1% as sulfate (SO sulfur. Based upon these studies and others it appears that this improvement makes possible the conditions necessary for inhibiting oxidation of either ferrous iron of the slag to form ferric iron or of the sulfite sulfur (resulting from S0 gassing of such slag) to form sulfate sulfur where the formation of such oxidized products would be most undesirable from the standpoints of both chemistry and of economics since the degree of re usability of the processed slag would be greatly reduced as likewise would its ability to be stripped of 'its sulfur content if such existed as sulfate instead of as sulfite sulfur. It appears furthermore that in addition to inhibiting the oxidation of ferrous iron and sulfite sulfur the use of the alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate ingredients in the slag inhibits the autoxidation of ferrous iron to ferric iron which in turn would promote formation of sulfate sulfur. Theoretically autoxidation of ferrous iron is brought about by the hydroxyl groups of water being attacked as shown below by the hydrated oxide of ferrous iron:

The free hydrogen made available combines with oxygen as shown in equation 17 to form hydrogen peroxide:

In turn the hydrogen peroxide reacts with ferrous oxide to further the oxidation reaction as illustrated in Equation 18.

The water formed immediately hydrates the ferric foxide" which reacts with the sulfur dioxide and with the hydrogen peroxide to form unwanted ferric sulfate as shown in Equations 19, 20 and 21 below.

tain alkali hydroxide and stannite tin to permit their re-;.

exposure to additional S0 for its optimum capability for the continued entrapment of S0 gas.

Further unexpected benefits accruing from incorporation of alkali hydroxide and alkali silicate in the SO en-' trapment systems of this improved process are found in The strong basic character of the alkali silicate as shown below favors its immediate reaction as quickly as it is formed with sulfur dioxide entering the systems to form additional alkali acid sulfite as shown below with metasilicic acid absorbing S0 in the process.

25. H SiO SO +NaOH NaI-ISO +H SiO H O The product resulting from the above reactions is dry, solid, semi-granular in nature and is ready to be processed for the recovery of its contentsof sulfur dioxide. In order to recover the sulfur dioxide content and to prevent the formation of either ferric iron or sulfate sulfur during the recovery, the reaction product is heated for decomposition of the sulfite salts in an atmosphere excluding oxygen, or essentially so. This is readily accomplished by maintaining a sulfur dioxide gas blanket over the salt being heated. By excluding oxygen by means of the sulfur dioxide blanket over the sulfite salt product during its heat decomposition for recovery of the sulfur oxide content thereof, the sulfur dioxide-free residue obtained, in the case of the presence of a predominance of iron oxide for example,

contains iron in the ferrous state rather than in the ferric state and the oxide in physical combination with highly adsorbent meta-silicic acid when is highly acid reactive, highly adsorbent and is suitable for re-use as the oxidic- "siliceous material for entrapment of an additional moiety of sulfur dioxide gas by the process disclosed herein.

' Th e' heat'decomposition of the reaction product is preferably carried out by heating the reaction product to a temprature'of 205 C. to 350 C., but sometimes it is necessary to carry the temperature as high as approximately 400 C. in order to ensure decomposition of all sulfite salts in the reaction product. For example, the product can be directly heated, or in a preferred mode, the product can be heated in the general absence of oxygen such as. by heating the productunder a blanket of sulfur dioxide. After complete stripping it is found that the granulate' is free or nearly" free of sulfur dioxide and is suitable for reuse in the entrapment of additional sulfur dioxide in .the same manner as disclosed herein and it is not necessary to add anything thereto other than the prescribed three to five percent by weight of water.

In order to achieve the maximum degree of reactability of the sulfur dioxide gas with the slag system containing the alkali hydroxide, alkali silicates and stannite ions the water content of the system must be kept within the prescribed range which can be easily accomplished by injectthe results obtained from the secondary reaction taking place between the alkali hydroxide with water, S0 and the acid reactable silicate compounds present in theslag (e.g., MACHINE 25 FeSi0 The sodium acid sulfite and water (as illustrated in Equation 8) react with the metallic silicates as shown below to produce hydrated alkali silicate (in place 'of' ingwater as required directly into the system during S0 gas processing. A further benefit of the inclusion of the additives disclosed herein is evidenced in the step wherein the granular product is heated to effect heat decomposition of the sulfite salts and the liberation of the sulfur dioxide. This benefit arises through the combined effects of thechemical and physical capabilities of the alkali hydroxide, hydrated alkali silicate, the stannous compounds and the alkali silicates formed so that the capability of hydrated metallic oxides to attach hydroxyl groups of water to produce reactable hydrogen is greatly reduced due to the fact that very minor amounts at the very most of uncombined water will ever be present at any one time partially because of the absorbent capacityfor water exerted by the sodium silicate and the presence of the alkali hydroxide and stannite ions present. Consequently during the heat stripping of S in the absence of atmospheric oxygen no appreciable degree of oxidation can occur within the system under such heat processing.

As a corollary of the inhibition repression or restriction of oxidation through the use of the prescribed. additives there occurs a similar inhibition, repression or restriction of reduction. This is reflected by the facfth'afthe formation of elemental sulfur is kept toan absolute minimum.

' EXAMPLE I 1 lb. of pulverized copper slag (90% 200 mesh U.S. sieve size) was intimately combined mechanically with 50 grams of an aqueous solution of sodium-hydroxide containing 25 grams NaOH and .5 gram of stannouschloride (SnCl both previously dissolved in 25 ml. ofwater. Gas having a composition by weight of 40% S0 50% nitrogen and air was injected into the slag mixture at the rate of 5 grams of gas per minute while the slag and entering gas were .kept constantly agitated. Duringtime intervals of approximately every 5 minutes approximately 5 mls. of water, in liquid form were added and mechanically mixed with the mixture being gassed. After a time period of 24 minutes of gassing no additional water was added but gassing was continued for another 5 minute time period after which the resultant product was weighed to show a weight of 544 grams. Analysis of a representative portion of product shows it contained 10.85% S0 illustrating the slag mixture had reacted with 98.34% of the sulfur dioxide gas contained in the gas mixture brought into contact with it in the described process. 100 grams of this product was externally heated .for a time period of minutes at a temperature of 750 F. (approximately 400 C.) to effect liberation of its. content of S0 As the S0 was liberated it was removedlby inert gas displacement into a slightly acidified aqueous solution containing a known excess of KIO for the singular purpose of determining the amount of S0 liberated as determined by its chemical reaction with the K103 solution. The amount shown to have been liberated calculated to 100% S0 amounted to 10.10 grams illustrating that 93.13% of the sulfur dioxide content of 'thelproduct prepared from use of the entrapment portion of process was recoverable.

EXAMPLE II i .An additional 300 grams of the product prepared in Example I above was freed of-its content ofheat decomposible S0 by likewise heating to 750.F. (approximately 400 C.) in the same manner as abovein Example I. After the S0 gas was stripped off the'mixture was cooled and then combined with 15 mls. of 'water.-Sulfur dioxide gas (99.5% S0 was injected intov the'mixture while it was constantly agitated and additionalamounts of water 2 to 4. mls. were added from time to time during the gassing to assure a minimum watercontent asprescribed for the process (3v to 5% by weight basedjupon the total weight of the system being gassedfil'hemelatively pure sulfur dioxide gas was introduced at the rate of aproximately 2 to 3 grams per minuteuntil an excess of gas had been injected into the system as .noted by its odor above the mixing vessel. The resultant product .on analysis showed a sulfur dioxide content of 33.19% as S0, of which 94.11% was recovered by heat decomposition processing as before. i

EXAMPLEIII The residue obtained after stripping the mixture of Example II was subjected to recycling three additional times to the S0 entrapment followed by the SO heat stripping cycles. Only water was added between cycles or from time to time during cycles to keep the water content within acceptable limits. No other additives were usedbetween cycles. Study of the product after each individual cycle confirmed the validityof the regeneratabilityof the S0 strippedresidue for reuse in repetitious processing for entrapment and recovery of-SO gas. 7

It is not possible to totally eliminate oxidation-reduction reactions within the system. Hence the system does not have idefinite reusability. However, the introduction of alkali hydroxide or hydrated alkali silicate and stannite ions into the slag-water system has been found to materially extend the life of such a system .over the life of any system not containing such additives as hereindescribed.

If. economics arenot of prime importance and a somewhat higher cost entrapment agency is permissible or, if the S0 impregnated product is to be used for purposes other than the recovery of its S0 content followed by reuse of the stripped product for further entrapment, for example if the resultant product is to be prepared for use in agriculture as a source material of a high content of oxidized sulfur for amending soils, or additionally, when the entrapment process can be or is carried out at a temperature below C., it is possible to introduce amounts of alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate in excess of the afor noted amounts. With the use of larger amounts of sodium hydroxide or alkali silicate it is possible to trap larger amounts of sulfur dioxide. For example, when. a slag system was-made to contain 10% sodium hydroxide and was then treated with sulfur dioxide gas in the same manner using the same amount as was used in the treatment of a slag system containing 5% sodium hydroxide and where all other conditions of processing were kept as nearly identical as possible, the system containing the 10% sodium hydroxide was able to hold 40% of its total weight in sulfur dioxide whereas the system containing the 5% NOH was able to hold only 30% of its total weight in sulfur dioxide; Thus with the use of this process where larger amounts of sodium hydroxide or sodium metaor orthossilicate are introduced it has been noted .that the resultant product will contain larger amounts of $0 in proportion to the increased amounts of alkali hydroxide or silicate introduced. This result can be explained by the stoichiometric relationship of the system naonzsognanso When a higher content of alkali ion is introduced the system is capable ofv reacting with more S0 because one pound of NaOH reacts with 1.6 pounds of S0 to form 1 mol of sodium acid sulfite (NaHSO The foregoing ,isconsidered. as illustrative only of the principles of the invention. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to.limit the invention to the exact method, operation and product shown and de scribed, and accordingly all suitable modifications and equivalents may be resorted to, falling withinthe scope of the invention. 1

What is-claimed asnew is as follows:

7.1. A dry process .for the entrapment and recovery of sulfur dioxide gas which comprises the steps of:

. (a) establishing a physical system comprising as essential components, a major portion of particulate waste slag from the reverberatory refining of copper pyritic ore and a minor portion'of an oxidation inhibiting additive in amounts sufiicientto partially suppressthe formation of sulfate sulfur and ferric iron comprising an aqueous solution of (i) either an alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate and (ii) trace-amounts of dissolved stannite ions (SnOf); v

I .-(b)-- contacting said physical system-with a waste stack v gascontaining sulfur dioxide at a temperature below about 100 v(3.; and

,(c) recovering the dry particulate product comprising metallic sulfite salts, meta-silicic acid, adsorbed sulfur dioxide, and unreacted oxidic and siliceous matter.

2. The process of claim 1 including the steps of:

(d) heating the dry particulate product in the general absence of oxygen to a temperature in the range of about 205 C. to about 400 C. to effect decomposition of the sulfite salts and release of adsorbed sulfur dioxide thereby recovering the entrapped sulfur dioxide; and

(e) recovering the particulate residue remaining after step (d) for the entrapment of an additional moiety of sulfur dioxide.

3. The process of claim 2 wherein the heat of step (d) is carried out with a sulfur dioxide blanket over the dry particulate product.

4. A dry process for the entrapment of sulfur dioxide gas which comprises passing an 80;, containing gas into a bed formed by admixing 3-5 parts water, 2-5 parts alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate, and 0.01-0.1 part stannous chloride or stanous oxide together with a sufficient quantity of mixed metallic oxides and metallic silicates selected essentially from the oxides and silicates of ferrous iron, calcium, magnesium and aluminum to make up 100 parts by weight at a temperature below about 100 C. so as to produce a dry particulate product comprising metallic sulfite salts, meta-silicic acid, adsorbed sulfur dioxide and unreacted oxidic and siliceous matter.

5. The process of claim 4 wherein said mixed metallic oxides and metallic silicates consist of waste slag from the reverberatory refining of copper pyritic ore.

6. The process of claim 4 wherein said mixed metallic oxides and metallic silicates comprise approximately 32 to 38 percent silicon dioxide present as mixed silicates of iron, calcium, magnesium, and aluminum; 28 to 32 percent iron, present predominantly as ferrous oxide and ferrous silicates; 8 to 10 percent calcium oxide, present as silicate; 6 to 8 percent aluminum oxide, present as silicate; 0.1 to 0.5 percent copper, present as metal and oxide; 0 to 0.5 percent lead, present as metal; and 0 to 1 percent sulfur, present in sulfide form.

7. The process of claim 4 wherein the recovered dry particulate product is heated in the general absence of oxygen to a temperature within the range of about 205 C. to about 400 C. to elfect decomposition of the sulfite salts and release of adsorbed sulfur dioxide and thereafter recovering the particulate residue for the entrapment of an additional moiety of sulfur dioxide.

8. The process of claim 7 wherein the heating is carried out with a sulfur dioxide blanket over the dry particulate product.

9. The process of claim 4 wherein said mixed metallic oxides and metallic silicates consist of slag from the refining of copper pyritic ore, said slag including a substantial content of ferrous iron.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,335,458 3/ 1920 Patrick et a1. 3,363,401 1/ 1968 Pierre et al. 3,454,354 7/ 1969 Kerr. 3,454,356 7/1969 Raman. 3,475,121 10/ 1 969 Thornton. 3,492,083 1/ 1970 Lowicki et al. 1,744,735 1/ 1930 Berl 252-461 2,927,851 3/ 1960 Wilson 71-32 3,547,583 12/1970 Wilson 423--242 3,669,617 6/1972 Lowicki et al 423-244 3,720,754 3/1973 Wilson 423-244 OSCAR R. VERTIZ, Primary Examiner G. HELLER, Assistant Examiner 

